Due to the “hot” development in recent years, the pepper industry is facing great risks, which can disrupt the whole industry. Therefore, it is time to immediately restructure the pepper industry towards sustainability.
That is the main content at the Conference “Promoting the development of sustainable pepper production” organized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development on January 25 in Ho Chi Minh City. Ho Chi Minh.
Model of organic pepper production in Dak Lak
Supply exceeds demand around the world
According to Mr. Le Van Duc, Deputy Director of the Department of Cultivation, from 2010 to now, the pepper area in our country has increased rapidly. In 2010, the whole country planted only 51.5 thousand hectares, in 2014 it was 85,591 thousand hectares. By the end of 2017, it was 152,668 hectares, an increase of 196.3 percent compared to 2010, an increase of 22.5 percent compared to 2016 and exceeded the planning by over 100,000 hectares.
The increase in the pepper area of Vietnam has contributed significantly to the increase in the world pepper area. In 2010, the world planted 443,881ha. By 2015, it is 518,823 ha, an increase of approximately 75 thousand ha compared to 2010, mainly in Vietnam.
The rapid increase in pepper area in Vietnam and some other countries has led to a sharp increase in global production. The world pepper production in 2016 reached 434,000 tons and in 2017 has increased to 510,000 tons. According to research by Nedspice, supply is starting to exceed demand and there is a significant increase in inventory levels in pepper producing countries around the world. In the period 2012 – 2017, the increase in production was 5.5% while the increase in demand was only 2.4%/year. It is forecasted that in the period to 2017 – 2030, the potential supply will reach the lowest at 420,000 tons and the highest at 670,000 tons.
According to the Vietnam Pepper Association, in 2018 alone, although pepper productivity in some large producing countries, including Vietnam, may decrease, but due to the growing area for harvest, the total supply global will still be higher than 2017 and above demand. This makes the world price tend not to increase, the profit from pepper production to farmers is not like in previous years. Exporting Vietnamese pepper will be difficult due to technical barriers from importing countries such as the US, Canada, UK, Germany, the Netherlands…
Due to oversupply, pepper prices in the world in general and pepper prices in Vietnam have continuously fallen sharply in recent years. Currently, the price of pepper in Vietnam is just over 60,000 VND/kg, close to the country’s average production cost of more than 49,000 VND/kg. The development is too “hot” The area of pepper is the main cause of major inadequacies for the whole industry such as the increasing disease situation, the alarm of pesticide residues due to excessive farming, etc.
Go right into sustainable development
According to Minister Nguyen Xuan Cuong, the development “flash” The pepper industry in recent years is posing big problems that, if not resolved in time, will not only make pepper lag behind but also threaten to disrupt the whole industry.
First of all, the pepper area increases too quickly and cannot be controlled. Scientific and technological research and the transfer of science and technology have not met the development needs of pepper. The fact that a commodity with an export value of more than 1 billion USD has not yet been recognized is unacceptable. Or the lack of standard farming procedures is also one of the important causes of disease in many pepper growing areas.
Therefore, the Minister said that from now on, with pepper trees, do not follow the path “exam” productivity, output too, but must be quality.
Mr. Phan Minh Thong, General Director of Phuc Sinh Joint Stock Company gave specific examples of the advantages of pepper produced in the direction of quality. Specifically, since 2012, Phuc Sinh has cooperated with many farmers in Buon Ma Thuot, implementing a project to grow pepper according to Rain Forest standards. By 2014, this certification was available. As a result, each year Phuc Sinh exports 20,000-25,000 tons of pepper, 40% of which is to the EU, which sets very high requirements on food safety for imported pepper. According to Ms. Le Thi Anh Tuyet, Deputy Director of Binh Phuoc Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, when tested, only about 50% of Binh Phuoc pepper meets food safety standards for export to the EU. But when Nedspice Company and Binh Phuoc Agricultural Extension Center cooperated with farmers to implement a sustainable development project on 1,000 hectares of pepper, the amount of pepper harvested in this area, through testing, up to 82% reached the target. standard export to EU.
Minister Nguyen Xuan Cuong: Focus on restructuring the pepper industry immediately. First of all, the area of pepper must not only be increased further, but must be reduced.
Accordingly, the concentration will be reduced in places that are not suitable for pepper plants, and do not plant new ones in areas where pepper is dead. Local authorities need to step up propaganda and advocacy work so that farmers understand that the world pepper production has exceeded demand, pepper is a spice, so the amount of use is limited, so it should not be developed. massively area, output.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development must focus on immediately working on pepper varieties, immediately selecting good varieties for variety recognition. At the same time, find out standard farming procedures for each ecological sub-region.
Regarding production, it is necessary to promote chain link models. This is the inevitable path for sustainable development of the pepper industry. Without association, businesses will not be able to survive. The Vietnam Pepper Association must enhance its role in the development of Vietnamese pepper and the position of Vietnamese pepper in the world market.
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