Vietnam is an agricultural country rich in potentials and advantages for developing organic agriculture (NNHC) with many natural mountainous areas, mainly extensive farming, not affected by chemical pollution. However, the production of FC is still high, at the same time consumer awareness is still not high so it is difficult to move towards a sustainable FCW.
Production and market are still uncertain
According to the Vietnam Association of Organic Agriculture, there are two models of organic product production in the country, namely the enterprise model and farmer group. Enterprises mainly apply international organic standards to produce products for export and partly for domestic consumption. Farming groups mainly produce organic products according to the standards of Participation Assurance System (PGS) and consumption in the domestic market. Commenting on farmer groups, Mr. Mai Thanh Thao, Editorial Team developed the Organic Agriculture Development Project to 2030 (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development), said that most of the production is based on voluntary basis. no pre-sale, unregistered orders to be certified by designated organizations or certification bodies meeting international standards; Therefore, the consumer market of products is still uncertain and low in price.
Sharing the same view, Mr. Hoang Phuoc Binh, Vice Chairman of Chu Se Pepper Association (Gia Lai), said that the organic production process is quite strict, high production costs, low crop and livestock productivity. , the market for NNHC products is not stable.
Having exported many organic products, Mr. Nguyen Ngoc Luan, Director of Lam San Agriculture Cooperative (Dong Nai), said that Vietnam needs more forums to propagate to consumers and farmers. The original is still a farmer. If the farmers produced are not “honest”, then the products are not of good quality. The system of legal documents, standards and regulations has not been comprehensive. Consumers often dislike organic products due to their bad appearance, though farmers have to invest a lot of money.
Mr. Nguyen Hoang Khang, Tan Dat Cooperative (Vinh Long), said that NNHC production is still small and spontaneous, there has not been a clear orientation of specific areas, objects, and animals. In addition, the domestic market for NNHC products has not been developed while the export market for NNHC products is almost unavailable.
Not potential match
The production of NNHC in our developed country has not corresponded with the potential advantages and product consumption market. According to the Vietnam Association of Organic Agriculture, our country's production level and science and technology are low and limited in pest control and product quality, productivity is not high. Our country has a hot and humid climate, which is favorable for many pests and diseases to grow and develop, while plant protection is the biggest challenge in the practice of NNHC-based production. NNHC is lacking and weak; the implementation of the law on certification and supervision of NNHC products' quality, transparency of the process of manufacturing NNHC products is slow; The certification of compliance with the standards of importing countries must hire foreign experts with high certification costs.
The fact that NNHC product market is very chaotic. Consumers are willing to pay for high-value products but are not sure to receive the right product and value. This has led to a crisis of consumer confidence in products that claim to be safe or organic. Mr. Nguyen Van Khoi, Director of the Standards Department of the Directorate for Standards, Metrology and Quality (Ministry of Science and Technology), said that one of the solutions is to perform traceability using barcode technology. Barcode products are applied not only to manage and collect information automatically throughout the supply chain but also to identify the origin of products, serving management systems according to ISO 22000, HACCP.
To develop NNHC should rely on the soil and climate conditions to determine the appropriate product type and scale of production, Mr. Mai Thanh Thao proposed that the Vietnam Consumers Association should enhance its operations through businesses that have successful model, helping businesses promote and introduce products; support enterprises to access new technologies and especially the standards and standards of importing countries.
From the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development's side, continue to improve institutions and policies to encourage the development of administrative complaints, the system of standard standards, improve the capacity of functional agencies certifying NNHC products in the direction of socialization. . In addition to using high quality seeds, producers are increasingly applying biotechnology to maximize the use of manure, green manure, agricultural residues as well as other organic sources to ensure nutrient supply. support plants in sufficient quantity and proportion. In particular, to promote the development of circulating and ecological agriculture: cultivation – husbandry, aquaculture – cultivation, use of crop products as animal and aqua feeds, and efficient use of animal by-products , aquaculture provides organic for cultivation.
