Preliminary statistics of the Vietnam Pepper Association (VPA), Vietnam imported 2,929 tons of pepper in February with a turnover of US $ 15.9 million, up 61% compared to January. Of which black pepper reached 1,716 tons, white pepper reached 1,213 tons with Indonesia and Brazil as the two leading suppliers.
In the first 2 months of the year, Vietnam imported 4,746 tons of pepper of all kinds, of which black pepper reached 2,469 tons, white pepper reached 2,277 tons, the total import turnover reached 26.8 million USD. Compared to the same period in 2024, the import volume increased by 11.4%, the turnover increased by 74.1%. Indonesia is the largest pepper supplier for Vietnam with a market share of 69.9%. Brazil ranked second with a market share of 23.1%.
In fact, the Vietnamese pepper industry accounts for 40% of output, 60% of the world market share. However, our country still has to be imported from other manufacturers to strengthen the throne.
According to the international pepper community (IPC), the world has recorded the global pepper production in 2024 decreased by about 4% compared to 2023, equivalent to a decrease of 22,000 tons, to 558,000 tons. This decline is mainly from Brazil and Vietnam.
Over the past year, Brazil has recorded the highest decline in pepper production with about 29% equivalent to 28,000 tons, from 98,000 tons in 2023 to 70,000 tons. The production of pepper plummeted in Brazil is due to the effects of climate change, especially the drought, leading to lack of irrigation water.
In Vietnam, the output of pepper decreased from 195 thousand tons in 2023 to 180 thousand tons in 2024. It is expected that the pepper area may be reduced to about 110,000 ha in the near future. The reduction is mainly due to weather, pests and strong prices of some other agricultural products such as durian and coffee in recent times.
According to the Vietnam Association of Pepper and Spices (VPSA), the global pepper production in 2025 is expected to continue to decrease compared to 2024, marking the fourth consecutive year of this reduction since 2022.
Since the beginning of 2025, the price of export pepper is still high, increasing by more than 30% compared to the middle of 2024. Especially, the price of white pepper exports increased by 16% compared to the end of December 2924 and an increase of 38% compared to the middle of 2024.
The global price of 2025 is expected to keep a high level due to the decline in supply, while the demand from major markets like the US and Europe is still regular. The demand for pepper in the food industry and spice processing is still the main factor promoting the market. It is forecasted that in the next few years, global pepper production is still not enough to meet consumer demand. This will cause the price of “black gold” to continue to rise.
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